Saturday, August 18, 2012

Do Not Fast Three Days After Eid al-Fitr


Here are two authentic ḥadīth from our A’immah (عليهم السلام) where they have explicitly stated that the three days following Eid al-Fiṭr and Eid al-Aḍḥa, we should not fast, because those days are for eating and drinking.

We have ḥadīth about fasting six days in the month of Shawwāl, Hurr al-`Āmilī has interpreted and reconciled both of these narrations to mean that you can do the six days of fasting after the three days have passed.

ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَلَّالِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَصُمْ بَعْدَ الْأَضْحَى ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَا بَعْدَ الْفِطْرِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِنَّهَا أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَ شُرْبٍ
From Ziyād b. Abī al-Ḥilāl said, Abū `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) said, “Do not fast three days after (Eid) al-Aḍḥa, nor three days after (Eid) al-Fiṭr, those (days) are for eating and drinking”[1]


وَ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْهُمْ ع قَالَ إِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَلَا تَصُومَنَّ بَعْدَ الْفِطْرِ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ يَمْضِينَ
From Ḥarīz from them (عليه السلام) said, “When you do al-Fiṭr of (the month of) Ramaḍān, do not do voluntary fast after (Eid) al-Fiṭr, except after three (days) have passed”[2] 


[1] al-Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām, vol. 4, ch. 72, pg. 330, ḥadīth # 99; al-Majlisī said this ḥadīth is Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic) (See: al-Majlisī, Milādh al-Akhyār, vol. 7, pg. 170)
[2] al-Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām, vol. 4, ch. 67, pg. 298, ḥadīth # 5; al-Majlisī said this ḥadīth is Muwaththaq (Reliable) (See: al-Majlisī, Milādh al-Akhyār, vol. 7, pg. 113)

Bibliography

al-Majlisī. Milādh al-Akhyār. 1st. 16 vols. Qum: Maktabah Ayatollah al-Mar`ashī al-Najafī, 1406.
al-Ṭūsī. Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām. 4th. 10 vols. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1407.

18 comments:

  1. Assalamu alaikum brother Nader.
    Can we based on hadith discuss what to do and not? is it right? Why we need science of ijtihad?
    For example regarding fast Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi says that
    Issue No. 1462- There are two days in a year on which it is haraam to observe fast: Eid-ul Fitr (the 1st of Shawwal) and Eid-ul Adha (10th of Zil Hijjah).
    http://makarem.ir/websites/english/masael/masaleTxT.php?id=1162

    ReplyDelete
  2. Wa `Alaykum Assalām,

    Yes, those two days are agreed upon being harām. This hadīth only mean that fasting the three days after al-Fitr is makrūh, not harām. Our A'immah also Gave a reason why they have said so, which is because those days are for eating and drinking.

    Assalāmu `Alaykum,
    Nader Zaveri

    ReplyDelete
  3. Salaam

    It's recommended to fast 4th - 9th Shawaal but the wording used above means that we shouldn't fast until the 5th (Eid + 3 days). Should it not be Eid + two days?

    ReplyDelete
  4. Wa `Alaykum Assalaam,

    Do you have the hadeeth and the source to where it says to fast 4th-9th?

    Assalaamu `Alaykum,

    ReplyDelete
  5. Salaam

    Yes, there are two narration in "man la yazaherzul fiqehi" but they are daef in grading

    we have also fatwa(opnion) of sayed muhammad hussain fadullah r.a regarding (6 days) fast of shawal as per sayed it is musthib(recommended)

    ReplyDelete
  6. Right, but like I mentioned in my original blog post, you can do the six fast afterwards.

    ReplyDelete
  7. Where is the link of orginal blog post regarding six fast,

    and i am not the person whom commented above in two post,

    I am "fiqehi"

    thanks

    ReplyDelete
  8. I haven't made a blog post about it, I mentioned it in this blog post.

    ReplyDelete
  9. Yes thats Haram to fast on eid days.

    But you can perform Sunnah fasting, check duas here. thanks

    ReplyDelete
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