Du'a for Sickness

Here are four authentic aḥādīth from the Ahl al-Bayt (عليهم السلام) that tells us what to say when we are sick.

ḥadīth #1

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ الْمُهْتَدِي عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ زُرْبِيٍّ قَالَ مَرِضْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مَرَضاً شَدِيداً فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي عِلَّتُكَ فَاشْتَرِ صَاعاً مِنْ بُرٍّ ثُمَّ اسْتَلْقِ عَلَى قَفَاكَ وَ انْثُرْهُ عَلَى صَدْرِكَ كَيْفَمَا انْتَثَرَ وَ قُلِ

From Dawūd bin Zurbī said, I was sick in Madīnah, extremely sick, and Abā `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) was informed about it. So he (عليه السلام) wrote to me: ‘I am been informed of your sickness, you (should) purchase a Sā`ā (about 3 kg) of wheat, then lie upon your back, and sprinkle it (the wheat) upon your chest, however, (when) you sprinkle it, say:

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِاسْمِكَ الَّذِي إِذَا سَأَلَكَ بِهِ الْمُضْطَرُّ كَشَفْتَ مَا بِهِ مِنْ ضُرٍّ وَ مَكَّنْتَ لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ جَعَلْتَهُ خَلِيفَتَكَ عَلَى خَلْقِكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَنْ تُعَافِيَنِي مِنْ عِلَّتِي

“O Allāh, I ask You by Your name with which when a helpless person asks You, You remove what is from the hardships, and empower him on the earth, and make him Your khalīfah over Your creations, and send salāh (prayers) upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, and heal me from this sickness”

ثُمَّ اسْتَوِ جَالِساً وَ اجْمَعِ الْبُرَّ مِنْ حَوْلِكَ وَ قُلْ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَ اقْسِمْهُ مُدّاً مُدّاً لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ وَ قُلْ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ دَاوُدُ فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَكَأَنَّمَا نُشِطْتُ مِنْ عِقَالٍ وَ قَدْ فَعَلَهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ فَانْتَفَعَ بِهِ

Then you sit straight, and gather the wheat around you, and say like what you (just) said. And distribute a handful of it (the wheat), for every handful to the poor, say what you (just) said.’ Dawūd (bin Zurbī) said: ‘I did that, and it was as if I was free from a rope. And other did it and benefited from it’

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 564, hadeeth # 2

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 429

ḥadīth #2

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ اشْتَكَى بَعْضُ وُلْدِهِ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اشْفِنِي بِشِفَائِكَ وَ دَاوِنِي بِدَوَائِكَ وَ عَافِنِي مِنْ بَلَائِكَ فَإِنِّي عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ

From al-Ḥussayn bin Nu`aym from Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) said: “One of his (عليه السلام) sons complained (of a sickness) So he (عليه السلام) said: ‘O my son, say:

اللَّهُمَّ اشْفِنِي بِشِفَائِكَ وَ دَاوِنِي بِدَوَائِكَ وَ عَافِنِي مِنْ بَلَائِكَ فَإِنِّي عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ

‘O Allāh, cure me, with Your cure, and (provide) me medicine with Your Medicine, and relieve me from Your misfortune. For I am Your servant, and son of Your servant’

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 565, hadeeth # 3

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Hasan (Good)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 430

ḥadīth #3

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ إِذَا اشْتَكَى الْإِنْسَانُ فَلْيَقُلْ

From al-Thumālī from Abī Ja`far (عليه السلام) said: “When a man complains (of a sickness), he should say:

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَعُوذُ بِعِزَّةِ اللَّهِ وَ أَعُوذُ بِقُدْرَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَا يَشَاءُ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا أَجِدُ

“In the Name of Allāh, by Allāh and Muhammad the Messenger of Allāh, I seek protection with the glory of Allāh, and I seek protection with power of Allāh over what He wills from the evils of what I feel”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 567, hadeeth # 13

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Muwaththaq (Reliable)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 433

ḥadīth # 4

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ هِشَامٍ الْجَوَالِيقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا مُنْزِلَ الشِّفَاءِ وَ مُذْهِبَ الدَّاءِ أَنْزِلْ عَلَى مَا بِي مِنْ دَاءٍ شِفَاءً

From Hishām al-Jawāliqī from Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) (said to say this if you are sick):

يَا مُنْزِلَ الشِّفَاءِ وَ مُذْهِبَ الدَّاءِ أَنْزِلْ عَلَى مَا بِي مِنْ دَاءٍ شِفَاءً

“O sender of cures, remover of sickness, send upon me what is from the cures of my sickness”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 567, hadeeth # 14

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Muwaththaq (Reliable)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 433

Du'a Upon Someone Who is Sick

Here is a Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic) ḥadīth that tells us what to say to a person who is sick; you say this supplication seven times.

                                                                                                                                                                                  

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ عَلَى مَرِيضٍ فَقُلْ...سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ

From Zurārah from one of them (عليه السلام) said: “When you enter upon a sick person, say seven times:

أُعِيذُكَ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ رَبِّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ مِنْ شَرِّ كُلِّ عِرْقٍ نَفَّارٍ وَ مِنْ شَرِّ حَرِّ النَّارِ

‘I seek protection for you with Allāh, the great Lord of the great throne, from every evil swelling vein, and from the evil of the heat of the fire’”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 566-567, hadeeth # 12

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 433

Salat Duha is Bid'ah

Here are Authentic aḥādīth from the Ahl al-Bayt (عليهم السلام) that says that salat al-duha is a bid`ah (innovation) and the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) forbade it and never prayed it.

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ صَلَاةُ الضُّحَى بِدْعَةٌ

From Zurārah and al-Fuḍayl from Abī Ja`far (عليه السلام) and Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام), that the Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) said: “Salāh al-ḍuḥa is a bid`ah”
Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 3, pg. 453, hadeeth # 9

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Hasan (Hasan)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 15, pg. 418

رَوَى بُكَيْرُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ مَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الضُّحَى قَطُّ                    

It is narrated from Bukayr bin A`yan from Abī Ja`far (عليه السلام) said: “The Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) never prayed al-ḍuḥa”
Source:

1.     Al-Sadūq, Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh, (Qum: Mu’assasah al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 3^rd ed., 1413), vol. 1, pg. 565, ḥadīth # 1561

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī I (al-Majlisī’s father) said this hadeeth is Hasan Kal-Ṣaḥīḥ (Good like Ṣaḥīḥ)
à Rawḍah al-Mutaqqīn, 13 vols., (Qum: Mu’assasah al-Thuqāfiyyah al-Islāmiyyah, 2^nd ed., 1406), vol. 2, pg. 829

الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ ابْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالُوا سَأَلْنَاهُمَا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ نَافِلَةً بِاللَّيْلِ جَمَاعَةً فَقَالَا إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَيَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي فَخَرَجَ فِي أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِيُصَلِّيَ كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فَاصْطَفَّ النَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فَهَرَبَ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَ تَرَكَهُمْ فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ فَقَامَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الرَّابِعِ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ النَّافِلَةَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ وَ صَلَاةَ الضُّحَى بِدْعَةٌ أَلَا فَلَا تَجْتَمِعُوا لَيْلًا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِصَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ وَ لَا تُصَلُّوا صَلَاةَ الضُّحَى فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مَعْصِيَةٌ أَلَا وَ إِنَّ كُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلَالَةٌ وَ كُلَّ ضَلَالَةٍ سَبِيلُهَا إِلَى النَّارِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ قَلِيلٌ فِي سُنَّةٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ كَثِيرٍ فِي بِدْعَةٍ

From Zurārah and Ibn Muslim and al-Fuḍayl, they said, we asked him (عليه السلام) about salāh in (the month of) Ramaḍān in the night in congregation (jamā `ah). He (عليه السلام) said: “Verily, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) used to pray ishā’, he would depart to his house, then he would leave in the final part of the night to the Masjid and stand and pray in the first night in the Month of Ramaḍān, and the people lined up behind him and he (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) would run away from them to his house and (kept) abandoning them (after) they did this for three nights (straight). And he stood up on the fourth day on his minbar, and praised Allāh and commended Him, then he (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) said: “O People, verily the nāfilah salāh at night in the Month of Ramaḍān in congregation is bid`ah, and salāh al-ḍuḥa is bid`ah. And do not congregate at night in the month of Ramaḍān, and do not pray salāh al-ḍuḥa, for verily that it is a sin. And Verily, every bid`ah is astray, and everything astray leads to the fire”. Then he descended (the pulpit) and he (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) said: “Few (actions) in sunnah is better than many (actions) in bid`ah”

Source:

1.     Al-Tūsī, Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām, 10 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 4^th Edition, 1407 AH), vol. 3, pg. 69-70, hadeeth # 29

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic)
à Milādh al-Akhyār, 16 vols., (Qum: Maktabah Ayatollah al-Mar`ashī al-Najafī, 1406 AH), vol. 5, pg. 28

How to Say Mahdi's Name

As we have many ḥadīth that gives the prohibition of naming the 12^th Imām (عليه السلام), so how should we mention him (عليه السلام) then? Here is a Hasan (Good) ḥadīth on how we should say the mention him (عليه السلام).

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا أبو جعفر محمد بن أحمد العلوي عن أبي هاشم داود بن القاسم الجعفري قال سمعت أبا الحسن صاحب العسكر ع يقول الخلف من بعدي ابني الحسن فكيف لكم بالخلف من بعد الخلف فقلت و لم جعلني الله فداك فقال لأنكم لا ترون شخصه و لا يحل لكم ذكره باسمه قلت فكيف نذكره قال قولوا الحجة من آل محمد ص

From Abī Hāshim Dāwud bin al-Qāsim al-Ja`farī said I heard Abā al-Hasan Sāhib al-`Askarī (al-Hādī) say: “The successor after me is my son al-Hasan (al-`Askarī), and what will do you with the successor after (my) successor?” I said: “May Allāh make me your sacrifice, why?” So he (عليه السلام) said: “Because you will not see him physically, and it is not permissible to mention him by his (عليه السلام) name” So I said: “How should we mention him (عليه السلام)?” He (عليه السلام) said: “Say: ‘The Proof from the Family of Muhammad’ (al-Hujjah min Aali Muhammad)”

Source:

1.     `Alī bin Bābuwayh al-Qummī, al-Imām wa al-Tabṣirah (Qum: Madrisah al-Imām al-Mahdī, 1^st ed., 1404), pg. 118

2.     al-Sadūq, Kamāl al-Dīn, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffāri, (Qum: Mu’assasah al-Nashr al-Islāmi, 1405), ch. 37, pg. 381, ḥadīth # 5

Ten Names of the Prophet

Here is a Muwaththaq (Reliable) hadeeth that tells us that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) had ten names, five that are mentioned in the Holy Qur’ān and five that are not mentioned in the Qur’ān.

حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن ابن بكير عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي جعفر ع قال إن لرسول الله ع عشرة أسماء خمسة منها في القرآن و خمسة ليست في القرآن فأما التي في القرآن فمحمد ع و أحمد و عبد الله و يس و نون و أما التي ليست في القرآن فالفاتح و الخاتم و الكافي و المقفى و الحاشر

From Muhammad bin Muslim from Abī Ja`far (عليه السلام) said: “Verily for the Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) there are ten names, five of which is in the Qur’ān and five are not in the Qur’ān. As for what is in the Qur’ān are Muḥammad, Aḥmad, `Abd Allāh, Ya-Sīn, Nūn, and as for what is not in the Qur’ān are al-Fātiḥ, al-Khātim, al-Kāfī, al-Muqfī and al-Ḥāshir”

Source:

1.     Al-Sadūq, al-KhiSāl, (Qum: Mu`assassah al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 2^nd ed., 1403), vol. 2, ch. 10, pg. 426, hadeeth # 2

Ghadir Khumm

Here is a Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic) ḥadīth that mentions the day of Ghadīr Khumm, and how the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) tells the people present to convey the message of Wilāyah to those who were not present. Also, this ḥadīth shows the asbāb al-nuzul (cause of revelation) of two ayah (5:67 & 5:3) in the Qur’ān.

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَسُولَهُ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ فَرَضَ وَلَايَةَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ فَلَمْ يَدْرُوا مَا هِيَ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً ص أَنْ يُفَسِّرَ لَهُمُ الْوَلَايَةَ كَمَا فَسَّرَ لَهُمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ الزَّكَاةَ وَ الصَّوْمَ وَ الْحَجَّ فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ ضَاقَ بِذَلِكَ صَدْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ تَخَوَّفَ أَنْ يَرْتَدُّوا عَنْ دِينِهِمْ وَ أَنْ يُكَذِّبُوهُ فَضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ وَ رَاجَعَ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ- يا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ ما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَما بَلَّغْتَ رِسالَتَهُ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَصَدَعَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ فَقَامَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ فَنَادَى الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً وَ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ

From Zurārah, al-Fudayl bin Yasār, Bukayr bin A`yan, Muhammad bin Muslim, Burayd bin Mu`āwiyah, and Abī Jarūd from Abī Ja`far (عليه السلام) said: “Allāh (عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ) commanded his Messenger (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) with wilāyah of `Alī, and revealed to him (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) – “Only Allāh, His Messenger, and those believers who establish al-Salāh and pay al-Zakāh.’ (5:55) He has made wilāyah of the Ulil Amr fard (mandatory), and they (the people) did not know who they were. Allāh commanded Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) that he explains to them al-Wilāyah like he has explained to them al-Salāh, al-Zakāh, al-Sawm, al-Hajj. So when this came to him from Allāh, He tightened with that the Messenger of Allāh’s (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) chest, and he became frightened that people will apostate from their religion and they would (accuse) him of lying, and his chest became tightened, and he (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) returned to his Lord (عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ), and Allāh (عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ) revealed (wahy) to him - ‘O Messenger, convey what is revealed to you from your Lord. If you do not do so, it will be as though you have not conveyed My message. Allāh protects you from men.’ (5:67). So he (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) executed the command of Allāh (تعالى), and he mentioned and established the wilāyah of `Alī (عليه السلام) on the day of Ghadīr, and he called for a congregational salāh and commanded the people to convey what they witnessed to the absentees (i.e. convey the news of Wilāyah of `Alī to those who are not present)”

قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ قَالُوا جَمِيعاً غَيْرَ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ كَانَتِ الْفَرِيضَةُ تَنْزِلُ بَعْدَ الْفَرِيضَةِ الْأُخْرَى وَ كَانَتِ الْوَلَايَةُ آخِرَ الْفَرَائِضِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَ أَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا أُنْزِلُ عَلَيْكُمْ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ فَرِيضَةً قَدْ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمُ الْفَرَائِضَ

`Umar bin Udhaynah said, everyone except Abī Jarood has said that Abū Ja`far (عليه السلام) said: “A Fareeḍah would be revealed after another fareeḍah, and the Wilāyah was the last farḍ. And Allāh (عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ) revealed - ‘On this day I have perfected your religion, completed My favors to you’ (5:3)”. Abū Ja`far (عليه السلام) said: “Allāh (عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ) said: ‘I will not reveal to you after this farḍ (Wilāyah of Imām `Alī), because I have completed for you the farā’id (pl. of farḍ)’”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 1, pg. 289, hadeeth # 4

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this ḥadīth is Hasan (Good)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 3, pg. 250

2.     Hadī al-Najafī said this ḥadīth is Ṣaḥīḥ Sanad (Authentic Chain of Narrators)

à Mawsū`ah Aḥādīth Ahl al-Bayt, vol. 8, pg. 415

Great Loss for Forgetting a Chapter of the Qur'an

I have discussed the great benefit of memorizing the Qur’ān in a previous blog post (Click here). Now, here are the Authentic aḥaadīth on the punishment for forgetting what you have memorized from the Qur’ān.

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَحْمَرِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ قَرَأْتُ الْقُرْآنَ فَفَلَتَ مِنِّي فَادْعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُعَلِّمَنِيهِ قَالَ فَكَأَنَّهُ فَزِعَ لِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عَلَّمَكَ اللَّهُ هُوَ وَ إِيَّانَا جَمِيعاً قَالَ وَ نَحْنُ نَحْوٌ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ السُّورَةُ تَكُونُ مَعَ الرَّجُلِ قَدْ قَرَأَهَا ثُمَّ تَرَكَهَا فَتَأْتِيهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ وَ تُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ فَيَقُولُ مَنْ أَنْتِ فَتَقُولُ أَنَا سُورَةُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَلَوْ أَنَّكَ تَمَسَّكْتَ بِي وَ أَخَذْتَ بِي لَأَنْزَلْتُكَ هَذِهِ الدَّرَجَةَ فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالْقُرْآنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ لِيُقَالَ فُلَانٌ قَارِئٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ لِيَطْلُبَ بِهِ الدُّنْيَا وَ لَا خَيْرَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ لِيَنْتَفِعَ بِهِ فِي صَلَاتِهِ وَ لَيْلِهِ وَ نَهَارِهِ

From Ya`qūb bin al-Aḥmar said, I said to Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام): “May I be your ransom, I have recited the Qur’an, so I said: pray to Allāh (عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ) for me, so I can learn it (again)?” He (the narrator) said: It is as if he was frightened at that (what I said). So he (عليه السلام) said: ”May Allāh teach you and us all (the Qur’ān)” He (عليه السلام) said: ‘And we are about ten people (in the gathering)’ then he (عليه السلام) said: “If there is a Surah with a man and he recited it, then it he has left it (i.e. forgotten it), it will come to him on the Day of Judgment in a beautiful form, and say salām upon him, so he will say: ‘Who are you?’ So it will say: ‘I am the so and so chapter, and if you would have held on to me and taken from. I would have taken you with me to this station (darajah).' He (عليه السلام) said: 'so can act upon the Qur’ān.’ Then he (عليه السلام) said: “Verily, from the people there is a those who recites the Qur’ān, and it is said that: ‘O so and so is a reciter’, and from them are those who recite the Qur’ān and seek the world with it, and there is not good in these, from them there are those who recite the Qur’ān and benefits from it in his prayers, his nights, and his days”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 607, hadeeth # 1

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Muwaththaq (Reliable)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 490

ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَحْمَرِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ عَلَيَّ دَيْناً كَثِيراً وَ قَدْ دَخَلَنِي مَا كَانَ الْقُرْآنُ يَتَفَلَّتُ مِنِّي فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْقُرْآنَ الْقُرْآنَ إِنَّ الْآيَةَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَ السُّورَةَ لَتَجِي‏ءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى تَصْعَدَ أَلْفَ دَرَجَةٍ يَعْنِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَتَقُولُ لَوْ حَفِظْتَنِي لَبَلَغْتُ بِكَ هَاهُنَا

From Ya`qūb al-Aḥmar said, I said to Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام): “Verily, upon me there is many worries that have entered me, and the Qur’ān has escaped from me.” So Abū `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) said: “The Qur’ān! The Qur’ān! The ayah from the Qur’ān and surah will come on the Day of Judgment in order to raise you 1000 stations (darajah), meaning in jannah” So it will say: “If you would have memorized (preserved) me, you would reach (attain) these (ranks)”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 608, hadeeth # 3

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Hasan or Muwaththaq (Good or Reliable)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 491

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ نَسِيَ سُورَةً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مُثِّلَتْ لَهُ فِي صُورَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ وَ دَرَجَةٍ رَفِيعَةٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَإِذَا رَآهَا قَالَ مَا أَنْتِ مَا أَحْسَنَكِ لَيْتَكِ لِي فَيَقُولُ أَ مَا تَعْرِفُنِي أَنَا سُورَةُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ لَوْ لَمْ تَنْسَنِي رَفَعْتُكَ إِلَى هَذَا

From Abī Basīr said, Abū `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) said: “Whoever forget a Surah from the Qur’ān, it will appear to him in a beautiful image and high rank in jannah. And when he sees it, he will say: ‘How beautiful you are! I (wish) you were with me.’ So it will say: “You do not recognize me? I am the such and such surah, and if you would not have forgotten me, you would raise to this (station)”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 607-608, hadeeth # 2

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Hasan (Good)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 491

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَحْمَرِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّهُ أَصَابَتْنِي هُمُومٌ وَ أَشْيَاءُ لَمْ يَبْقَ شَيْ‏ءٌ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ تَفَلَّتَ مِنِّي مِنْهُ طَائِفَةٌ حَتَّى الْقُرْآنِ لَقَدْ تَفَلَّتَ مِنِّي طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُ قَالَ فَفَزِعَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ ذَكَرْتُ الْقُرْآنَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَنْسَى السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَتَأْتِيهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى تُشْرِفَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ دَرَجَةٍ مِنْ بَعْضِ الدَّرَجَاتِ فَتَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ فَيَقُولُ وَ عَلَيْكِ السَّلَامُ مَنْ أَنْتِ فَتَقُولُ أَنَا سُورَةُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا ضَيَّعْتَنِي وَ تَرَكْتَنِي أَمَا لَوْ تَمَسَّكْتَ بِي بَلَغْتُ بِكَ هَذِهِ الدَّرَجَةَ ثُمَّ أَشَارَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْقُرْآنِ فَتَعَلَّمُوهُ فَإِنَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَتَعَلَّمُ الْقُرْآنَ لِيُقَالَ فُلَانٌ قَارِئٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَتَعَلَّمُهُ فَيَطْلُبُ بِهِ الصَّوْتَ فَيُقَالُ فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الصَّوْتِ وَ لَيْسَ فِي ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَتَعَلَّمُهُ فَيَقُومُ بِهِ فِي لَيْلِهِ وَ نَهَارِهِ لَا يُبَالِي مَنْ عَلِمَ ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمْهُ

From Ya`qūb al-Aḥmar said, I said to Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام): “May I be your random, I am afflicted with worries and things have not remained from the good (with me), even it has left me wandering, until the Qur’ān had left me. He (the narrator) said: “So he frightened from that when I mentioned the Qur’ān, then he (عليه السلام) said: “If a man forgets a surah from the Qur’ān, it will come to him on the Day of Judgment, in order to honour him from ranks from some of the ranks, so it will say: ‘al-Salaaamu `Alayka’, and (he will say) ‘Wa `alayka al-Salaam, who are you?’. It will say: ‘I am such and such surah you lost me and abandoned me. And if you would have clung to me, I would make you reach this rank, then it pointed his finger. Then he (عليه السلام) said: ‘With you is the Qur’ān, learn it! For verily from the mean are those who learn the Qur’ān and it is said to them ‘O so and so recite’, and from them are those who learn it to seek a voice, so it will be said: ‘So and so had a beautiful voice’, and there is nothing good from that, from those who learn it, establish with it in night and the day and do not take heed if people know that, or if people do not know it”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 608-609, hadeeth # 6

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 12, pg. 492

Story of a Great Youth

Here is a beautiful Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic) ḥadīth about a young man during the time of the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم). One thing we must remember, this one man is not an infallible, he is just an ordinary person, but he has reached this level of Imaan (faith). Inshā’Allāh, we can attain this level of faith.

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْوَابِشِيِّ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مِهْزَمٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ الصُّبْحَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى شَابٍّ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَ هُوَ يَخْفِقُ وَ يَهْوِي بِرَأْسِهِ مُصْفَرّاً لَوْنُهُ قَدْ نَحِفَ جِسْمُهُ وَ غَارَتْ عَيْنَاهُ فِي رَأْسِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتَ يَا فُلَانُ قَالَ أَصْبَحْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مُوقِناً فَعَجِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ قَوْلِهِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ يَقِينٍ حَقِيقَةً فَمَا حَقِيقَةُ يَقِينِكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ يَقِينِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هُوَ الَّذِي أَحْزَنَنِي وَ أَسْهَرَ لَيْلِي وَ أَظْمَأَ هَوَاجِرِي فَعَزَفَتْ نَفْسِي عَنِ الدُّنْيَا وَ مَا فِيهَا حَتَّى كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى عَرْشِ رَبِّي وَ قَدْ نُصِبَ لِلْحِسَابِ وَ حُشِرَ الْخَلَائِقُ لِذَلِكَ وَ أَنَا فِيهِمْ وَ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَتَنَعَّمُونَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ يَتَعَارَفُونَ وَ عَلَى الْأَرَائِكِ مُتَّكِئُونَ وَ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَ هُمْ فِيهَا مُعَذَّبُونَ مُصْطَرِخُونَ وَ كَأَنِّي الْآنَ أَسْمَعُ زَفِيرَ النَّارِ يَدُورُ فِي مَسَامِعِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِأَصْحَابِهِ هَذَا عَبْدٌ نَوَّرَ اللَّهُ قَلْبَهُ بِالْإِيمَانِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ الْزَمْ مَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ الشَّابُّ ادْعُ اللَّهَ لِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْ أُرْزَقَ الشَّهَادَةَ مَعَكَ فَدَعَا لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ خَرَجَ فِي بَعْضِ غَزَوَاتِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَاسْتُشْهِدَ بَعْدَ تِسْعَةِ نَفَرٍ وَ كَانَ هُوَ الْعَاشِرَ

From Ishāq bin `Ammār said, I heard Abā `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) saying: “The Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) was praying the morning prayer with the people, and he saw a young man in the masjid, and his head was hanging down. His color was pale, and he had a thin body, and his eyes were sunk in his head. So the Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) said to him, ‘How is your morning, O so and so?’ He (the young man) said: ‘O Messenger of Allāh, (this) morning I am confident’. The Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) was amazed at what he said, and he said: ‘Verily, For every reality there is certainty (yaqeen), so what reality are you certain (about)?’ He said: ‘I am certain, O Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), is that which makes me sad and stay awake at night and endure thirst during the day. So I abstain myself from the world and what is in it until I see the `arsh (throne) of my Lord and we are resurrected for our actions and He assembles the creations for that, and I am among them. And it is like I am looking at the people of jannah, enjoying themselves in jannah and are informed and upon reclining coaches. And it is like I am looking at the people of the fire (hell) and those in it being tortured and crying aloud (for help). Right now, it is as if I hear roaring of the fire and it is circulating in my ears.’ So the Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) said to his companions, ‘Allāh has illuminated this servant’s heart with Imaan (faith)’, then he (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) said to him: ‘Stick (keep up) what you are doing’. So the young man said: ‘Pray to Allāh for me, O Messenger of Allāh, that he provides me with shahaadah with you’ So the Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) did du`ā for him, and not long he (the young man) left in one of the expeditions with the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) and after nine people became shaheed (a martyr) he was the tenth”

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 2, pg. 53, hadeeth # 2

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Muwaththaq (Reliable)
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 7, pg. 333

Replying to Salam in Salat

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُسَلَّمُ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ يَرُدُّ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ لَا يَقُولُ وَ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامُ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ قَائِماً يُصَلِّي فَمَرَّ بِهِ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ- فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ عَمَّارٌ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ص هَكَذَا

From Samā`ah from Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) said, I asked him (عليه السلام) about a man who salaam is said upon him and he is in salaah. He (عليه السلام) said: He replies “salaamun `alaykum”, and he does not say “wa `alaykum asslaam”, for verily the Messenger of Allāh (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) was standing and praying and `Ammār bin Yāsir passed by him and `Ammaar said salaam upon him, and the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) replied to him as such

Source:

1.     Al-Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, ed. `Alī Akbar al-Ghaffārī, 8 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 3^rd Edition, 1388 AH), vol. 3, pg. 366, hadeeth # 1

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Muwaththaq
à Mir’āt Al-`Uqūl, 26 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1410 AH), vol. 15, pg. 240

وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ إِذَا سَلَّمَ عَلَيْكَ الرَّجُلُ وَ أَنْتَ تُصَلِّي قَالَ تَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ خَفِيّاً كَمَا قَالَ

From Manṣūr bin Hāzim from Abī `Abd Allāh (عليه السلام) said: “When a man says salaam upon you, and you are praying, He says (عليه السلام) said: “reply to him like he said”

Source:

1.     Al-Tūsī, Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām, 10 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 4^th Edition, 1407 AH), vol. 2, pg. 332, hadeeth # 222

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Muwaththaq (Reliable)
à Milādh al-Akhyār, 16 vols., (Qum: Maktabah Ayatollah al-Mar`ashī al-Najafī, 1406 AH), vol. 5, pg. 510

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ هُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقُلْتُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ فَقُلْتُ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتَ فَسَكَتَ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قُلْتُ أَ يَرُدُّ السَّلَامَ وَ هُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ مِثْلَ مَا قِيلَ لَهُ

From Muhammad bin Muslim said, I entered upon Abī Ja`far (عليه السلام) and he was in salaah, I said: “Assalaamu `Alayka”, so he (عليه السلام) said: “Assalaamu `Alayka”. So I said: “I became silent (and waited) and when he departed (praying) I said: “Can he reply salaam and he is in salaah? He (عليه السلام) said: “Yes, like what was said to him”

Source:

1.     Al-Tūsī, Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām, 10 vols., (Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 4^th Edition, 1407 AH), vol. 2, pg. 329, hadeeth # 205

Grading:

1.     Al-Majlisī said this hadeeth is Ṣaḥīḥ (Authentic)
à Milādh al-Akhyār, 16 vols., (Qum: Maktabah Ayatollah al-Mar`ashī al-Najafī, 1406 AH), vol. 4, pg. 503

Here is a hadeeth at face value you would think that it is not right to send salaam upon someone who is praying, but the scholars interpret it as it being makrooh (disliked) to send salaam. But this hadeeth is da`eef (weak).

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ فِي الْخِصَالِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ لَا تُسَلِّمُوا عَلَى الْيَهُودِ وَ لَا النَّصَارَى- إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ لَا عَلَى الْمُصَلِّي وَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ الْمُصَلِّيَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ السَّلَامَ لِأَنَّ التَّسْلِيمَ مِنَ الْمُسَلِّمِ تَطَوُّعٌ وَ الرَّدُّ فَرِيضَةٌ وَ لَا عَلَى آكِلِ الرِّبَا وَ لَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ جَالِسٍ عَلَى غَائِطٍ وَ لَا عَلَى الَّذِي فِي الْحَمَّامِ الْحَدِيثَ

From Masadaq bin Sadaqah from Ja`far bin Muhammad from his father (عليه السلام): Do not send salaam upon the Jew, Christian – until He (عليه السلام): “and not upon the person praying, that is because he may not be able to reply to the salaam, and because sending salaam from a Muslim is voluntary and replying is obligatory, and not upon those who eat from ribaa, and not upon a man who is sitting upon the toilet, and not upon those who are in a bathhouse”

Source:

1.     Al-Sadūq, al-KhiSāl, (Qum: Mu`assassah al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 2^nd ed., 1403), vol. 2, ch. 12, pg. 484, hadeeth # 57